Exploding onto the emulation scene in early 1996 PaCifiST was at the head of a whole new wave of ST emulators and is solely responsible for bringing about the ST emulator revolution. Others came before it (Gemulator and StonX) but neither could handle any of the things which made the ST so much fun (i.e. PaCifiST was the first real attempt at a true Atari ST emulator for the PC. ![]() PaCifiST - an Atari ST emulator for the PCĬurrent Version: 0.49b Last Site Update: 18th October 2001 ![]() In the end, the ECHR condemned the campaign against the Jehovah’s Witnesses and fined Russia almost 80 million euros ($90.1 million) for having confiscated the organization’s property.PaCifiST : Atari ST Emulator for the PC : Homepage When the campaign against the Jehovah’s Witnesses began gaining momentum and hundreds of Russian citizens were under investigation, the government signaled that it might soften its stance against the organization.Īt a session of the Presidential Human Rights Council in December 2018 at which Vladimir Putin was asked why hundreds of harmless branches of Jehovah’s Witnesses had been included on the list of extremist organizations when the country should be fighting real criminals instead, the president expressed unexpected outrage over the fact that the "pacifist believers" were considered terrorists.Īt the time, the Russian Justice Ministry had responded to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) by stating that individual Jehovah’s Witnesses were free to profess their faith even if the organization itself had been banned. It is still unclear how the Kremlin will react to the latest ruling. In a legal move aimed at those Protestants, however, Russia passed the so-called package of reforms known as "Yarovaya Laws" in 2016 that introduced fines for missionary activity in public places and residential premises.īut whereas the authorities have sought administrative penalties against Protestant missionaries in the more than 600 such cases they have initiated since 2016, when prosecuting Jehovah’s Witnesses they level criminal charges. The authorities could not label Evangelists extremists as they did with the Jehovah’s Witnesses because they profess a more mainstream form of Christianity and because of what could provoke a much stronger reaction from the United States. Moscow directed this message primarily at the Protestant churches – Baptists, Evangelists, Pentecostals, and Adventists – because they have become the largest branch of Christianity in Russia after the Russian Orthodox Church and have outgrown the definition of a “minority.” Not just Jehovah’sīy cracking down on Jehovah’s Witnesses, the Russian authorities sent a clear signal to all religious minorities in the country: Be wary of Western support, do not engage in missionary activity as aggressively as the Jehovah’s Witnesses do and restrict the movement of your foreign missionaries. The prosecution claimed – and the judge will probably note in the ruling – that Christensen led the activities of an organization previously banned as extremist. ![]() Given that Jehovah’s Witnesses consider themselves to be “the most true” believers, the Russian authorities gradually concluded that their organization and literature were extremist and decided to ban them entirely. It would be difficult to claim that the ruling against Dennis Christensen was illegal - it was based on current anti-extremism legislation and an earlier decision by Russia's Supreme Court declaring Jehovah’s Witnesses an extremist organization. As the authorities stepped up their efforts against Western spies, they were naturally fearful of the Jehovah’s Witnesses organization, that has a centralized structure and a global governing body which is headquartered in the United States. ![]() The campaign against Jehovah’s Witnesses became more politicized when laws regulating Russian NGOs were tightened in 2012 and especially after the Russian-Ukrainian crisis began in 2014. The authorities’ gambit has proved successful: Isolated from other denominations and seen by other Christians as distorting the Bible, almost no one has come forward to support the Jehovah’s Witnesses.
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